Most people with H1N1 have had mild illness and have not needed medical care or antiviral drugs and the same is true of seasonal flu. However, some people are more likely to get flu complications and they should talk to a health care provider about whether they need to be examined if they get flu symptoms this season. They are:. There are emergency warning signs. Anyone who has them should get medical care right away. The emergency room should be used for people who are very sick. You should not go to the emergency room if you are only mildly ill.
If you have the emergency warning signs of flu sickness, you should go to the emergency room. If you get sick with flu symptoms and are at high risk of flu complications or you are concerned about your illness, call your health care provider for advice.
If you go to the emergency room and you are not sick with the flu, you may catch it from people who do have it. This flu season, antiviral drugs are being used mainly to treat people who are very sick, such as people who need to be hospitalized, and to treat sick people who are more likely to get serious flu complications. Your health care provider will decide whether antiviral drugs are needed to treat your illness.
Employees who have an underlying medical condition or who are pregnant should call their health care provider for advice, because they might need to receive influenza antiviral drugs. Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs. CDC recommends that when you wash your hands -- with soap and warm water -- that you wash for 15 to 20 seconds. When soap and water are not available, alcohol-based disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers may be used. If using gel, rub your hands until the gel is dry.
The gel doesn't need water to work; the alcohol in it kills the germs on your hands. A downloadable flyer containing this information also is available. Fever can be one of the symptoms of a flu-like illness for many people. A fever is an oral temperature of at least degrees Fahrenheit Signs of a fever include chills, a flushed appearance, feeling very warm, or sweating. Fever-reducing medicines typically contain acetaminophen such as Tylenol or ibuprofen such as Motrin.
These medicines can both help bring fever down and relieve pain. To help avoid spreading the flu, if you have a fever, stay at home for at least 24 hours after you no longer have a fever or signs of a fever. However, if you're taking fever-reducing medicines, you cannot tell if your fever is truly gone.
Therefore, when you start to feel better, increase the interval between doses of fever-reducing medicines and continue to monitor your temperature to make sure your fever does not return. Joe Bresee describes the main symptoms of flu, including H1N1 flu, and when it is serious enough to seek medical help. In children:. Joe Bresee explains the nature of antiviral drugs and how they are used. The intent of these parties is for a person to become infected with what for many people has been a mild disease, in the hope of having natural immunity H1N1 flu virus that might circulate later and cause more severe disease.
CDC does not recommend "swine flu parties" as a way to protect against H1N1 flu in the future. While the disease seen in the current H1N1 flu outbreak has been mild for many people, it has been severe and even fatal for others. There is no way to predict with certainty what the outcome will be for an individual or, equally important, for others to whom the intentionally infected person may spread the virus. Vaccination against H1N1 with a H1N1 vaccine is the best way to protect against this virus.
CDC recommends that people with H1N1 flu avoid contact with others as much as possible. Studies have shown that influenza virus can survive on environmental surfaces and can infect a person for 2 to 8 hours after being deposited on the surface.
In addition, several chemical germicides, including chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, detergents soap , iodophors iodine-based antiseptics , and alcohols are effective against human influenza viruses if used in proper concentration for a sufficient length of time. If soap and water are not available and alcohol-based products are not allowed, other hand sanitizers that do not contain alcohol may be useful. Germs can be spread when a person touches something that is contaminated with germs and then touches his or her eyes, nose, or mouth.
Droplets from a cough or sneeze of an infected person move through the air. Germs can be spread when a person touches respiratory droplets from another person on a surface like a desk, for example, and then touches their own eyes, mouth or nose before washing their hands.
To prevent the spread of influenza virus, it is recommended that tissues and other disposable items used by an infected person be thrown in the trash. Additionally, persons should wash their hands with soap and water after touching used tissues and similar waste. To prevent the spread of influenza virus it is important to keep surfaces especially bedside tables, surfaces in the bathroom, kitchen counters and toys for children clean by wiping them down with a household disinfectant according to directions on the product label.
Linens, eating utensils, and dishes belonging to those who are sick do not need to be cleaned separately, but importantly these items should not be shared without washing thoroughly first. Linens such as bed sheets and towels should be washed by using household laundry soap and tumbled dry on a hot setting.
Individuals should avoid "hugging" laundry prior to washing it to prevent contaminating themselves. Individuals should wash their hands with soap and water or alcohol-based hand rub immediately after handling dirty laundry. You cannot get infected with HIN1 from eating pork or pork products. Eating properly handled and cooked pork products is safe.
Tap water that has been treated by conventional disinfection processes does not likely pose a risk for transmission of influenza viruses. Current drinking water treatment regulations provide a high degree of protection from viruses. No research has been completed on the susceptibility of H1N1 flu virus to conventional drinking water treatment processes.
However, recent studies have demonstrated that free chlorine levels typically used in drinking water treatment are adequate to inactivate highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza. Overview The H1N1 flu, commonly known as swine flu, is primarily caused by the H1N1 strain of the flu influenza virus. More Information Self-care for the flu.
Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. More Information He's the bravest kid I've ever seen. More Information Flu masks Flu vaccine: Safe for people with egg allergy? Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Key facts about human infections with variant viruses.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed Jan. Dolin R. Epidemiology of influenza. Grohskopf LA, et al. Prevention and control of seasonal influenza with vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, influenza season. Cohen J, et al. Influenza viruses. In: Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia, Pa. Accessed Nov.
Flu: What to do if you get sick. Types of influenza viruses. Tosh PK expert opinion. Mayo Clinic. Influenza vaccination. Mayo Clinic; Guide for considering influenza testing when influenza viruses are circulating in the community.
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